SPF ��

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original in en Bruno Sousa

en to cn ��(Wang Xu)

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Bruno ��һ��ѧ��ڿ��ʱ��о� Linux ��Ӱ��

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SPF �Ƿ��ͷ��Կ�� (Sender Policy Framework) ��д��ϣ��ܳ�Ϊһ��α��׼��ֹα��ʼ��ַ��ƪ��¶� SPF ��˼򵥽��ܣ��һЩ�ŵ�Ͳ��㡣

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SPF ��2003�꣬��ĵ�� Meng Weng Wong ��˷�� MX ��(Reverse MX) �� DMP (Designated Mailer Protocol) ��ŵ�� SPF ��

SPF ʹ�õ��ʼ�ͷ��Ϣ�е� return-path (�� MAIL FROM) �ֶΣ��Ϊ��е� MTA ��Դ��Щ�ֶε��ʼ��΢��Ҳ��һ�ֽ�� PRA (Purported Responsible Address)�ķ��PRA ��Ӧ�� MUA (�� thunderbird) ʹ�õ��ն��û��ĵ�ַ��

��ǰ� SPF �� PRA ��ʱ�򣬾Ϳ��Եõ��ν�ġ�Sender ID��ˡ�Sender ID ��ʼ��Ľ��ͨ�� MAIL FROM �� PRA ��֤�ʼ��ĺϷ��ԡ��е�˵��Ϊ��MAIL FROM �� MTA ��У�� PRA �� MUA ��ɡ�

��ʵ�ϣ�SPF ��Ҫ DNS ��ĳ��ض��ķ�ʽ��Ҳ��Ǳ��ṩ��ν�ġ�� MX ��¼��Щ��¼��Ը��ʼ��Ӧ�ķ��Ŀǰʹ�õ� MX ��¼��ͨ��Ӧ�Ľ��ʼ��ġ�

SPF ��Щ��

Ҫ�� SPF ��ϵͳ��룺

�� DNS�� TXT ��¼�� SPF ��ѯ��Ϣ��
��ĵ��ʼ�ϵͳ(qmail, sendmail)ʹ�� SPF��Ҳ��˵�Է��ÿ��ʼ��֤��

��һ��Ҫ��ʼ��Ͻ��е��һ��У��ǽ��¼��ϸ��ݡ��Ҫȷ��һ��(bind��djbdns)��ʹ�õ��﷨��ģ�SPF �Ĺٷ��վ�ṩ��һ��ܺ��õ��ָ��Ӽ�¼��

SPF �� TXT ��¼

SPF ��¼��һ�� TXT ��¼֮�У��ʽ��£�

		v=spf1 [[pre] type [ext] ] ... [mod]

ÿ��ĺ��±��ʾ��

��

v=spf1

SPF �İ汾��ʹ�� Sender ID �Ļ��ֶξ�Ӧ�� v=spf2

pre

��ƥ��ʱ�ķ��ֵ��

��ܵķ��ֵ��

��ֵ	��
+	ȱʡֵ��ڲ��ɵ�ʱ��ʾͨ��
-	��ʾ��ʧ�ܡ��ֵͨ�� -all��ʾû��κ�ƥ�䷢��
~	��ʾ��ʧ�ܣ�ͨ��ʾ��û��ɡ�
?	��ʾ��ÿɷ��ֵҲͨ��ڲ��û��ɵ�ʱ��ʹ�á�

type

��ʹ�õ�ȷ�ϲ��Ե��͡�

��ܵ�ֵ��

��ѡֵ	��
include	��һ��Ĳ�� �� include:domain ��ʽ��д��
all	��ֹ��С� ��磬��ѡ�� -all��ô��¼Ҳ��ζ�Ų��ʧ��ˡ��޷�ȷ��ʹ��"?all"��ʾ��Խ��ܡ�
ip4	ʹ�� IPv4 ��֤�� �� ip4:ipv4 �� ip4:ipv4/cidr ��ʽʹ�á��ʹ��Լ��ĸ��ɡ�
ip6	ʹ�� IPv6 ��֤��
a	ʹ��һ��֤�� �⽫��һ�� A RR ��ѯ�� ��԰�� a:domain, a:domain/cidr �� a/cidr ��ʽ��ʹ�á�
mx	ʹ�� DNS MX RR ��֤�� MX RR ��ŵ� MTA��ܺͷ��ŵ� MTA �ǲ�ͬ�ģ�� mx �Ĳ��Խ��ʧ�ܡ� �� mx:domain, mx:domain/cidr �� mx/cidr ��Щ��ʽ�� mx ��֤��
ptr	ʹ�� PTR RR ��֤�� ��ʱ��SPF ʹ�� PTR RR �ͷ��ͼ��в�ѯ��ص��λ��ͬһ��֮�ڣ��֤ͨ��ˡ� ��д�� ptr:domain
exist	��֤��Ĵ��ԡ� ��д�� exist:domain ��ʽ��

ext

�� type �Ŀ�ѡ��չ��û��ֶΣ��ô��ʹ�õ��¼��ѯ��

mod

��ָʾ��Ϊ��¼��һ��ֵ��

��ֵ	��
redirect	�ض��ѯ��ʹ�ø�� SPF ��¼�� �� redirect=domain �ķ�ʽʹ�á�
exp	��¼��һ��һ��Ƶ�ʧ��Ϣ�� IN TXT "v=spf1 mx -all exp=getlost.example.com" getlost IN TXT "You are not authorized to send mail for the domain"

�٣�� ISP

ISP ʵʩ SPF ��ܶ��Ǵ��״̬(roaming)��û��һЩ�鷳��Щ�û�ϰ��ʹ�� POP-before-Relay ��ķ�ʽ��ʼ�� SASL SMTP ��ʱ��ͻ��֡�

�ţ��һ��ʼ��ַ��ƭ��ŵ� ISP �Ļ��ͱ��뿼��ʼ��ԡ��ʼʹ�� SPF �ˡ�

��Կ��ǵļ��衣

�� MTA ʹ�� SASL��磬��ڶ˿� 25 �� 587 ʹ��
��û��Ѿ�ʹ��(spf.pobox.com ��һ��֪ͨ��ӣ��μ��ο��)��
��û�һ��ڣ�Ҳ��˵�� SPF ��¼��뵽��֮�У��ʹ�á��ʧ�ܡ�(~all)��ǡ�ʧ�ܡ�(-all)��

��ͱ��ķ��Ŀͻ��ʼ�֮��ˡ�

SPF �Ĺٷ�վ��кܶ��Ϣ��ʲô�أ�

��ʲô��Ҫ��ĵ�?

SPF ��һ��ƭ��һ��ޣ��ͳ��ʼ�ת��ʽ��Ч�ˡ��㲻�ܽ�� MTA ��ʼ��򵥵��·��ˡ��д��͵�ַ�� MTA �Ĳ�� SPF ��վ�ҵ��仰˵�� SPF ��¼��뵽��ͱ�� MTA ��з��͵�ַ��д��ʹ�㻹û�ж� SPF ��¼��м�顣

��

��ܾ�� SPF ��ʵʩ�е��⡣��ȷʵ��㸴�ӣ��һ��һ��ת��(�μ��ο��)��

��㱻��ʼ��ŵĻ��SPF ��԰��㣬��α��ʼ��ַ��Ӱ�죬��Ҫ��Ľ��һ��ı��ĵ��ʼ��ѡ�

SPF ��ŵ��кܶࡣ��Ҷ�һЩ��˵�ģ��ⲻ��һҹ֮��Ϳ��Դﵽ�ģ�SPF �ĺô��ͨ��ջ��ֳ��˶�ʹ��ʱ��Եؿ��ˡ�

��Ҳ�ᵽ�� Sender ID�� SPF �йأ��û��ȥ��Ѿ�֪��ԭ��ˣ�΢��Ĳ��һ��---��ר��ڲο��У��Կ�� openspf.org �� Sender ID ��

��һƪ��У��ǽ�� MTA ��ã��ǵ�ʱ�ټ��

�ҽ��ϣ��һ�� SPF �ļ��˵��Դ˸��Ȥ��Ҫ�˽��Ϣ�Ļ��Կ��ο��ף��ĵ��ݾ��ڴˡ�

�ο��

SPF �ٷ��վ��
SPF �ٷ� FAQ��
SPF �ٷ��򵼡�
openspf.org �� SenderID ��
һƪ�� Sender ID �� SPF �Ĳ��¡�
ת�� SASL ʱ��û��ʾ
HOWTO - �� SPF ��¼

SPF ���